Determination of essential oils components of two medicinal plants, Origanum glandulosum Desf(oregano) and Artemisia herba alba white mugwort
Fadila Maiza
Maître de Conférences
Département de Biologie Physico Chimique
Faculté Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie
Présidente du Conseil Scientifique de la Faculté
Université de Béjaia - 06000- Algérie
Abstract:
Aims:
Determination of essential oils components of two medicinal plants, Origanum glandulosum Desf(oregano) and Artemisia herba alba white mugwort) and study of their antimicrobial activity against multi resistant strains of bacteria isolated from hospital, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus.
Methods and results:
Essential oils (E.O) obtained by hydrodistillation were investigated by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry ( GCMS).The main components were carvacrol(39%),thymol (21%) and δ terpinene (18.4%) in the extract of oregano and camphre(25.9%), cis verbenol(18.5%) and α tujhone (16.1%) in white mugwort extract. Antimicrobial activity of both essential oils extracts was examined against four multi resistant bacteria strains,isolated from hospital, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus . Minimal Inhibitory Quantities (MIQ) of volatile phases were calculated. The volatile phase of oregano revealed an antibacterial activity on E. coli, K.pneumoniae and S.aureus (MIQ 20 µl), while the volatile phase of white mugwort was active only against S.aureus (MIQ 80µl). Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) of Oregano E.O 3.2 µL/mL and 4 µL/mL were recorded towards K.pneumoniae and E.coli respectivly ;and above 4 µL/mL for S.aureus . Mugwort E.O MIC towards S.aureus was higher than 8µl/ml.
Conclusion:
Oregano essential oil was the most powerful against the whole strains tested in particularly against S. aureus, with a sickest activity towards P. aeruginosa., the essential oils of white mugwort inhibited only the growth of S. aureus.
Significance and impact of the study:
Due to the increasing microbial resistance of pathogenic microorganisms against antibiotics, and then the limitation of antibiotics usage, natural substances like essential oils have become alternately interesting.
